Maintenance of glucose homeostasis is essential for normal physiology. Deviation from
normal glucose levels, in either direction, increases susceptibility to serious medical
complications such as hypoglycemia and diabetes. Maintenance of glucose homeostasis is
achieved via functional interactions among various organs: liver, skeletal muscle, adipose
tissue, brain, and the endocrine pancreas. The liver is the primary site of endogenous
glucose production, especially during states of prolonged fasting. However, enhanced …